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MAX17710
Energy-Harvesting Charger and Protector
Boost Regulator Operation
The device includes a simple boost regulator controller to
support energy harvesting from low-voltage solar or ther-
moelectric generator (TEG) devices. The boost converter
can harvest energy down to approximately 1 F W when
operated in pulsed harvest mode and as high as 100mW
in continuous conversion. For a 0.8V harvest source and
a 4.1V cell, the device can deliver over 20mA (80mW), as
long as the harvest source can support it. Figure 2 shows
the typical application boost circuit boost harvesting
from a low-voltage solar-cell array.
In the application circuit example, the solar cell array
charges the 47 F F harvest-source capacitor until the volt-
age on FB exceeds the FB ON threshold. At this time, the
LX pin is pulled low to force current through the external
inductor. LX begins to oscillate at a fixed 1.0MHz with
90% duty cycle. Each time LX is released by the device,
the external inductor forces the voltage of LX above CHG
and charges the 0.1 F F CHG pin capacitor. When CHG
rises above the voltage of V BATT , charge is delivered to
the cell. If the CHG pin exceeds 4.5V during this time,
the boost converter enters a skip-mode operation to
limit voltage on CHG to 4.5V. Operation continues until
the voltage of the harvest-source capacitor collapses,
driving FB below the FB OFF threshold, which disables
the boost circuit. The process repeats after the harvest
source capacitor is recharged.
Because the boost converter draws its quiescent current
directly from the cell (for startup reasons), it is important
to only enable the boost converter when it can provide
more power than the boost converter consumes from the
cell. This can be guaranteed as long as the capacitor
across the TEG is large enough to boost CHG above the
BATT pin. Note that it is important to use a high-speed
Schottky diode between LX and CHG to guarantee LX
does not exceed its absolute maximum voltage rating
during boost operation.
Charge Regulator Component Selection
External component selection depends on the charge
sources available to the device. Proper component
selection provides the highest efficiency operation of the
IC during energy harvesting. See Figure 2 as a reference.
This section describes component selection for boost
sources with operational voltages of 1.0V or high-voltage
sources. For boost charge sources with operational volt-
ages between 1.0V and 2.0V, additional components
are required. See the FB Divider section for a detailed
description.
LOAD V DD
THINERGY
MEC101
BATT
SEL2
SEL1
CHG
REG
1μF
EVENT
DETECTOR
0.1μF
ZLLS410TA
HIGH-SPEED
SCHOTTKY
MAX17710
AE
MECHANICAL,
RF, PIEZO,
OR OTHER
1.5μH
LX
LOAD V DD
SOLAR CELL 2
47μF
300k I
SOLAR CELL 1
FB
LCE
MICROCONTROLLER
GND
EP
PGND
PCKP
10μF
Figure 2. Typical Application Boost Circuit Boost Harvesting from a Low-Voltage Solar-Cell Array
Maxim Integrated
10
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